Which of the following is an example of a systematic failure?

Which of the following is an example of a systematic failure?

• A. The failure of a relay.
• B. System memory corruption caused by a power surge.
• C. Software that crashed during operation.
• D. A broken wire.

Answer: (C)

Systematic failures stem from flaws in the design or development process of a system, meaning they arise from predictable issues in the system's architecture or coding rather than random hardware failures. When software crashes during operation, it indicates there might be inherent faults in the code, insufficient testing procedures, or inadequate requirements that were not addressed during the software development lifecycle. This reflects a systematic issue because similar failures are likely to occur under the same conditions unless the root cause is identified and corrected. Therefore, this choice exemplifies a systematic failure as it highlights a fault in the operational software, which would be a consistent risk if not properly managed. In contrast, other options represent different failure types. A relay failure, for instance, could be a component failure, while power surge-induced memory corruption typically falls under external hardware failures. A broken wire also pertains to hardware issues, classifying it separately from systematic failures.

Systematic failures stem from flaws in the design or development process of a system, meaning they arise from predictable issues in the system's architecture or coding rather than random hardware failures. When software crashes during operation, it indicates there might be inherent faults in the code, insufficient testing procedures, or inadequate requirements that were not addressed during the software development lifecycle.

This reflects a systematic issue because similar failures are likely to occur under the same conditions unless the root cause is identified and corrected. Therefore, this choice exemplifies a systematic failure as it highlights a fault in the operational software, which would be a consistent risk if not properly managed.

In contrast, other options represent different failure types. A relay failure, for instance, could be a component failure, while power surge-induced memory corruption typically falls under external hardware failures. A broken wire also pertains to hardware issues, classifying it separately from systematic failures.